The influence of children's emotional comprehension on peer conflict resolution strategies.

Peer conflicts commonly happen in children's daily interaction, and strategies they employed to deal with the conflicts have an impact on peer conflict resolution. It has been illustrated that children's understanding of emotion plays an important role in social communication. However, there is little research focusing on the relation between emotional comprehension and peer conflict resolution strategies. In this study, 90 children of 3 to 6 finished the Test of Emotional Comprehension, and their preschool teachers were required to complete the Conflict Resolution Strategy Questionnaire, which scored each child's conflict resolution strategies. The results showed that: (a) the preference of conflict resolution strategies differed in age, and girls tended to adopt positive strategies; (b) children's emotional comprehension grew with age; and (c) children's conflict resolution strategies and emotional comprehension were closely related. Children's emotional comprehension can positively predict the overall conflict resolution strategies and negatively predicted negative strategies, whereas mental emotional comprehension can positively predict positive strategies. The factors affecting children's emotional comprehension and conflict resolution strategies, and their relationship were discussed in depth.

Adolescents' Retributive and Restorative Orientations in Response to Intergroup Harms in Schools.

This mixed-methods study examined how adolescents understand and evaluate different ways to address intergroup harms in schools. In individual interviews, 77 adolescents (M age = 16.49 years; 39 girls, 38 boys) in Bogotá, Colombia, responded to hypothetical vignettes wherein a rival group at school engaged in a transgression against their group. Adolescents reported that students who were harmed should and would talk to school authorities, but also noted they would likely retaliate. In terms of teacher-sanctioned responses to harm, youth endorsed compensation most strongly, followed by apologies, and rated suspension least positively. Youths' explanations for their endorsement of different disciplinary practices reflected varied concerns, including their perceptions of how justice is best achieved and how restoration could be attained.

Family Socioeconomic Status and Internalizing Problem Behavior Among Chinese Adolescents: The Chain Mediation Effect of Academic Performance and Peer Conflict.

This study aims to provide a new perspective on the relationship between family socioeconomic status (SES) and internalizing problem behavior (IPB) among adolescents. Many studies have focused on the relationship between family SES and IPB among adolescents; however, research on the underlying mechanism is still insufficient, and peer conflict has been ignored as a crucial social relationship factor for adolescents. This study identifies two new mediating variables and a chain mediating mechanism model between them. Using national longitudinal data from 2,467 adolescents aged 10-15 published in the China Family Panel Studies of wave 2018, this study found the following: (1) higher family SES can significantly reduce peer conflict and IPB among adolescents; (2) adolescents with better academic performance were less likely to be involved in peer conflict; (3) peer conflict mediated 30.41% of the relationship between family SES and adolescent's IPB; and (4) there was a chain mediating mechanism, and the mediating effect of peer conflict was much stronger than the mediating effect of both academic performance and the chain mediation pathways. This is the first study to develop a chain mediation model to examine the roles of academic achievement and peer conflict in the relationship between family SES and IPB. These findings are significant in that they highlight the importance of providing adolescents with proper emotional de-escalation and peer conflict resolution strategies, contributing to the management of adolescent mental health in urban governance and rural development.

Relationship Between Impulsivity, Sensation-Seeking, and Drug Use in Aggressors and Victims of Violence.

Introduction: The impulsivity, sensation-seeking, and drug use variables, in addition to being closely related, have repercussions on peer conflict and violence in schools. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between impulsivity, sensation-seeking, and drug use in aggressors and victims of violence. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional and observational. The study sample was made up of 822 students aged 13-18 who had completed an ad hoc questionnaire, the State Impulsivity Scale and the Sensation-Seeking Scale. Results: The results showed that the aggressors had high levels of gratification, automatism, attentional factor, disinhibition, and susceptibility to boredom and used alcohol and/or tobacco. Conclusion: The design of an effective education intervention for reducing risk behaviors related to violence must focus on these variables.

Influence of Teachers' Grouping Strategies on Children's Peer Social Experiences in Early Elementary Classrooms.

Most children experience some form of grouping in the classroom every day. Understanding how teachers make grouping decisions and their impacts on children's social development can shed light on effective teacher practices for promoting positive social dynamics in the classroom. This study examined the influence of teachers' grouping strategies on changes in young children's social experiences with peers across an academic year. A total of 1,463 children (51% girls, M age = 6.79, SDage = 1.22) and 79 teachers from kindergarten to third-grade classrooms participated in this study. Teachers rated children's behavioral problems as the most important consideration when creating seating charts or assigning children to small groups. Promoting existing or new friendships was rated as the least important consideration. Heterogeneous ability grouping, rated as somewhat important by the teachers, was associated with a decrease in children's friendships and yet also a decrease in girls' experience with peer conflicts. Our findings begin to fill in the gaps in the literature on the social impacts of ability grouping for young children.

Goals and Strategies to Solve Peer Conflict: Comparison by Aggression Trajectories / Metas y estrategias para resolver conflictos entre pares: una comparación de trayectorias de agresión / Metas e estratégias para resolver conflitos entre pares: uma comparação de trajetórias de agressão

Abstract Objective. Prior research identified three trajectories of adolescent aggressive behavior from Grades 6 to 12: Low, Medium Desisting, and High Desisting Aggression. This study examined whether youth in these trajectories differed in their goals and strategies to solve conflict. Method. The sample consisted of 620 randomly selected students (n=620) participating in the Healthy Teens Longitudinal Study. Participants attended schools in Northeast Georgia, USA. Mean scores were plotted for the seven years, and analysis of variance was used to examine whether student endorsement of goals and strategies differed by aggression trajectories. Results. Self-reported student goals and strategies were stable over time. At Grade 6 and 12, significantly more students in the Low Aggression trajectory endorsed positive goals and strategies to resolve peer conflict, and significantly more students in the two more aggressive trajectories endorsed aggressive goals and strategies. Youth in the two more aggressive trajectories did not differ in goals or strategies. Seeking help from a teacher did not vary by aggression trajectory or grade level. Conclusion. Given the stability of goals and strategies, school should implement programs early to enhance social-cognitive factors affecting students' behavior in peer conflict situations, and thus prevent violence and enhance a positive school climate.

Resumen Objetivo. Estudios anteriores han identificado tres trayectorias en los comportamientos agresivos de adolescentes que cursan entre los grados 6° y 12°: agresión baja, desistimiento medio y alto desistimiento. Este estudio explora si jóvenes, en estas trayectorias, difieren en sus metas y estrategias para resolver conflictos entre pares. Método. La muestra la conformaron 620 estudiantes, seleccionados al azar, participando en el estudio longitudinal Healthy Teens. Todos los participantes asistían a colegios en el noreste de Georgia, E.E.U.U.. Se calcularon puntajes medios para los siete grados escolares analizados y se realizaron análisis de varianza para examinar diferencias entre las tres trayectorias. Resultados. El autoreporte de metas y estrategias fue estable en el tiempo. En todos los grados, significativamente más estudiantes en la trayectoria de baja agresividad aprobaron metas y estrategias positivas para resolver conflictos, y más estudiantes en las trayectorias más agresivas aprobaron metas y estrategias agresivas. Los dos grupos de estudiantes en las trayectorias más agresivas no mostraron diferencias en sus metas y estrategias. La búsqueda de ayuda de un profesor no varió por trayectoria o grado escolar. Conclusión. Dada la estabilidad de las metas y estrategias, las escuelas deben implementar temprano programas de prevención para mejorar factores sociocognitivos que ayudan a estudiantes a resolver conflictos con sus pares, y así prevenir la violencia entre estudiantes y promover un clima escolar positivo.

Resumo Escopo . Estudos anteriores têm identificado três trajetórias nos comportamentos agressivos de adolescentes que cursam entre os grados 6º e 12º: agressão baixa, retirada média e alta retirada. Este estudo explora a possibilidade de que os jovens, nestas trajetórias, se diferenciam nas suas metas e estratégias para resolver conflitos entre pares. Metodologia . A amostra foi conformada por 620 estudantes, selecionados por sorteio, participando no estudo longitudinal Healthy Teens. Todos os participantes assistiam a escolas no Nordeste de Geórgia, EUA. Foram calculadas as pontuações médias para os sete grados escolares analisados e foi feita uma análise de variação para examinar as diferenças entre as três trajetórias. Resultados . O auto reporte de metas e estratégias foi estável no tempo. Em todos os grados, significativamente mais estudantes na trajetória de baixa agressividade aprovaram metas e estratégias positivas para resolver conflitos, e mais estudantes nas trajetórias mais agressivas aprovaram metas e estratégias agressivas. Os dois grupos de estudantes nas trajetórias mais agressivas não mostraram diferenças nas suas metas e estratégias. A procura de ajuda de um professor não variou por trajetória ou grado escolar. Conclusão . Levando em conta a estabilidade das metas e estratégias, as escolas devem implementar cedo programas de prevenção para melhorar fatores sócio cognitivos que ajudem a estudantes a resolver conflitos com seus pares, e assim prevenir a violência entre estudantes e promover um clima escolar positivo.

The Brief Peer Conflict Scale: Psychometric Properties Among a Sample of Incarcerated Male Juvenile Offenders.

Aggression can be considered a multidimensional construct that influences various forms of antisocial behavior, including juvenile delinquency and conduct problems. The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Brief Peer Conflict Scale-20 item version (PCS-20) among a Portuguese forensic sample (N = 192) of incarcerated male juvenile offenders ( M = 16.62 years; SD = 1.52 years; age range = 13-18 years). The PCS-20 demonstrated good psychometric properties in terms of its four-factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity that generally justify its use among incarcerated male youth. The findings provide additional support for the extension of the PCS-20 across different cultures, ethnic groups, and samples.